Article by Vandana Shiva, Focus on the Global South, Focus on Trade  no. 75, March 2002

Financing for Globalisation - Not Financing for Development

By Vandana Shiva, 22. February 2002

On 30th Jan 2002, the U. N. General Assembly proposed a `Draft 
outcome of the International Conference on Financing for Development" 
for the Financing for Development Summit to be held in Monterrey, 
Mexico, on 21 and 22nd March 2002.
 

The "Monterrey Consensus" has the following "leading actions":

  • Mobilizing domestic financial resources.

  • Mobilizing international resources for development: foreign direct 
    investment and other private flaws.

  • International trade as an engine for development.

  • Increasing international financial and technical cooperation for 
    development.

  • External debt

  • Enhancing the coherence and consistency of the international 
    monetary, financial and trading systems in support of development.

All the actions point to acceleration of economic globalisation and 
widening of the gaps between rich and poor.  It is not about mobilizing 
finances for people's development and sustainable development but 
mobilizing public resources for private sector benefits.
 
The action of "mobilizing domestic financial resources for 
development" is not about increasing people's security, and improving 
livelihood and employment opportunity. Instead, mobilizing domestic 
resources is viewed as vital for "encouraging the private sector and 
attracting and making effective use of international investment". 
 

To attract foreign direct investment "countries need to continue their 
efforts to achieve a transparent, stable and predictable investment 
climate, with proper contract enforcement and respect for property 
rights". In other words the Bechtels and Enrons should continue to have 
full opportunities to free investment, even if they bankrupt countries, their 
employees and even themselves.  Bechtel should have the right to sue 
Bolivia after people's movements threw it out for privatising the water of 
Cochabamba and attempting to making super profits from selling water. 
 
Enron should have a right to sue India, and claim "compensation" for 
electricity it could not sell from its Dabhol Power Plant because it was 
beyond the purchasing power of people and inspite of the project itself 
being another example of Enron's corrupt practices.  The Monterrey 
consensus is about the rights of the Bechtels and Enrons, not the 
people of Bolivia or the people of India.
 
It does not address the crisis of corporate control and corporate 
corruption as a major source of hemorrhaging of the wealth of 
communities and countries.  It does not address how monopolies in 
seeds and agricultural trade are impoverishing farmers, pushing the 
poor to starvation and draining rural communities of their natural and 
economic resources.

 
In spite of the evidence that globalisation, trade liberalisation and 
structural adjustment programmes have increased poverty and 
inequality and deepened underdevelopment, the Draft outcome 
reaffirms the commitment to trade liberalisation and states that: 
increased trade and foreign direct investment could boost economic 
growth and could be a significant source of employment.
 
The Monterrey consensus is in fact coercively and undemocratically 
arrived at Doha consensus.  As the declaration states,
 
to ensure that world trade supports development to the benefit of all 
countries, we encourage the members of the World Trade Organisation 
to implement the outcome of its Fourth Ministerial Conference, held in 
Doha, Qatar, from l9 to 14 Nov, 2001."
 
Official development assistance too has been made subservient to 
corporate globalisation:
 
ODA can be critical for improving the environment for private sector 
activity and can thus pave the way for robust growth.
 
There are no people in the Monterrey declaration.  The calls of Jubilee 
2000 on Debt and the movement for the Tobin Tax have found no 
reflection in the Monterrey consensus which focuses on investment and 
trade and liberalisation.  It is the MAI and Doha in the cloak of 
"development".  The Monterrey Summit should be called "Financing for 
globalisation" not "financing for development".
 


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